{"id":1031,"date":"2024-08-21T14:20:05","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T05:20:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?p=1031"},"modified":"2024-09-14T08:12:35","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T23:12:35","slug":"%e5%8d%b0%e6%ac%a7%e8%aa%9e%e3%81%ae%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e%e3%81%ae%e5%bd%a2%e6%85%8b%e3%82%92%e5%ad%a6%e7%bf%92%e3%81%97%e3%81%be%e3%81%97%e3%82%87%e3%81%86%e3%80%90%e9%9b%a3%e6%98%93%e5%ba%a6%e9%ab%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?p=1031","title":{"rendered":"\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3010\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3081\u3011"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-444444-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f\u3069\u3053\u304b\u3089\u6765\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9059\u304b\u5f7c\u65b9\u307e\u3067\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u9061\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3084\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u307e\u3067\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u304b\u3089\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u7956\u8a9e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u884c\u304d\u7740\u304f\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u9059\u304b\u6e90\u6d41\u3078\u65c5\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u9059\u304b\u306b\u6df7\u6c8c\u3068\u3057\u305f\u8a00\u8a9e\u5909\u5316\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u304c\u305d\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-444444-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u5411\u3051\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u5185\u5bb9\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u70b9\u306f\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3068\u306b\u304b\u304f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u8a9e\u5e79\u306e\u533a\u5225\u3067\u76f8\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d0d\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3048\u305f\u3089\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-center d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-none js--scr-animation\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">Proto-Indo-European<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u3068\u76f8<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u306a\u3069\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u5171\u901a\u7956\u5148\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u3069\u3046\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3084\u7528\u6cd5\u306f\u8907\u96d1\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u306f\u308f\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u70b9\u3082\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u985e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u304c\u6642\u4ee3\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3082\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5909\u8c8c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u732e\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u53e4\u5178\u8a9e\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3068\u306f\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306b\u3001\u300c\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u8449\u300d\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5074\u3084\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3053\u305d\u3001\u5404\u56fd\u8a9e\u3067\u52d5\u8a5e\u5909\u5316\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u6642\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u9055\u3044\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3084\u3084\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u524d\u306b\u7528\u8a9e\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6642\u5236\u3068\u8a9e\u5e79\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u8868\u8a18\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stative\uff08\u9759\u7684\u306a\u72b6\u614b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eventive\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001Stative\u306f\u3001<strong>PERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\uff08\u5b8c\u4e86\u8a9e\u5e79\uff09<\/strong>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8868\u3055\u308c\u3001Eventive \u306f\u3055\u3089\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u5b8c\u7d50\u3092\u8868\u3059<strong>AORIST\u8a9e\u5e79\uff08\u30a2\u30aa\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u8a9e\u5e79\uff09<\/strong>\u3068\u3001\u672a\u5b8c\u7d50\u30fb\u7d99\u7d9a\u3092\u8868\u3059<strong>PRESENT\u8a9e\u5e79\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u8a9e\u5e79\uff09<\/strong>\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79<br><strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span><\/strong><br>\u3000<strong>\u9759\u7684\u306a\u72b6\u614b: <span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPRESENT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b <\/span><\/strong><br>\u3000<strong>\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u672a\u5b8c\u7d50\u30fb\u7d99\u7d9a: <span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300aimperfective\u300b<\/span><br><\/strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\"><strong>\u300aAORIST\u8a9e\u5e79<\/strong>\u300b<\/span><br><strong>\u3000\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u5b8c\u7d50: <\/strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\"><strong>\u300aperfective<\/strong>\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PRESENT\u8a9e\u5e79\u306f\u3001\u672a\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8(imperfective)\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u3082\u3064\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3001\u300c\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u5236\u300d\u3068\u540c\u7fa9\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5404\u5e79\u306f<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6642\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span>\u3053\u306e\u70b9\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u898b\u3066\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001<strong>PERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79<\/strong>\u306e\u76f8\u304c\u300astative\u300b\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001<strong>AORIST\u8a9e\u5e79<\/strong>\u306e\u76f8\u304c\u300aperfective\u300b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u8a9e\u5e79\u540d\u306f\u6163\u7fd2\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001\u6df1\u3044\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8003\u3048\u306a\u3044\u65b9\u304c\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8a18\u53f7\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u3044\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u9055\u3046\u547c\u3073\u65b9\u3082\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u3088\u304f\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff09\u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u4f8b\u306b\u306a\u3089\u3044\u3001\u8a9e\u5e79\u540d\u306f<strong>\u300a\u5927\u6587\u5b57\uff0b\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/strong>\u3067\u8868\u8a18\u3057\u3001\u76f8\u306f<strong>\u300astative \/ imperfective \/ perfective\u300b<\/strong>\u306a\u3069\u3068<strong>\u300a\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u300b<\/strong>\u3067\u8868\u8a18\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u300c\u8a9e\u5e79\u300d\u3053\u305d\u304c\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u300c\u7d20\u306e\u59ff\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5404\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3084\u6bcd\u97f3\u4ea4\u66ff\u306a\u3069\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u3057\u3066\u5225\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u4e57\u308a\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8a9e\u3082\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u8a9e\u3082\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8907\u6570\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u3067\u3057\u304b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3057\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-center d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-none js--scr-animation\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">VOICE and MOOD<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u614b\u3068\u6cd5<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-444444-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306b\u306f<strong>\u80fd\u52d5<\/strong>\u3068<strong>\u4e2d\u53d7\u52d5<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u30462\u3064\u306e\u614b\u306e\u533a\u5225\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e2d\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u81ea\u8eab\u306b\u8fd4\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u4e2d\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u6642\u4ee3\u304c\u4e0b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3082\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6cd5\u306f\u3001<strong>\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u6cd5\u3001\u5e0c\u6c42\u6cd5\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6cd5<\/strong>\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5a18\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u6cd5\uff08\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff09\u306e\u5f62\u306f\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u76f8<br><strong>\u80fd\u52d5(active)<br>\u4e2d\u53d7\u52d5(mediopassive)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6cd5<br><strong>\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5(indicative)<br>\u63a5\u7d9a\u6cd5(subjunctive)<br>\u5e0c\u6c42\u6cd5(optative)<br>\u547d\u4ee4\u6cd5(imperative)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u614b\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u4e2d\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306f\u53e4\u4ee3\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306b\u306f\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\uff08\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u8a9e\u6d3e\uff09\u3084\u30b4\u30fc\u30c8\u8a9e\uff08\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u6d3e\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u5236\u306b\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u5236\u306b\u306f\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u53e4\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u5236\u3067\u3082\u300abe + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u300b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u5206\u6790\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u306b\u6d41\u308c\u308b\u306b\u3064\u308c\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u6cd5\u306f\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u3068\u5408\u4f53\u3057\u3001\u5e0c\u6c42\u6cd5\u304c\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3078\u3093\u3082\u3084\u3084\u3053\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-center d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-none js--scr-animation\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">ENDINGS and TENSE<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3068\u6642\u5236\u8868\u73fe<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5148\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5f62\uff08\u5b9a\u5f62\uff09\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u969b\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3092\u4ed8\u3059\u304b\u3001\u63a5\u7740\u5264\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u6bcd\u97f3\uff08\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u6bcd\u97f3\uff09\u3092\u8a9e\u5c3e\u306e\u524d\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3067\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u307e\u305f2\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u5c3e\u306e\u4ed8\u304d\u65b9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u5206\u985e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>athematic verbs<\/strong><br>\u2192\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u6bcd\u97f3\u3092\u3064\u3051\u305a\u306b\u3001\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>thematic verbs<\/strong><br>\u2192\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u969b\u3001-e\/o \u306a\u3069\u306e\u300c\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u6bcd\u97f3\u300d\u3092\u63a5\u7740\u6750\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">athematic verbs \u306f\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f <strong>\u03bc\u03b9\u52d5\u8a5e<\/strong>\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306b\u9023\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001thematic verbs \u306f\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f <strong>\u03c9\u52d5\u8a5e<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u3088\u308a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f athematic \u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001be, go, do \u306a\u3069\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u307f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3055\u3066\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u5c3e\u306e\u8a71\u3067\u3059\u3002<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u306b\u306f\u5c02\u7528\u306e <strong>h<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\">2<\/span>e-\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6d3b\u7528\u8a9e\u5c3e\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30c0\u30a4\u30e0\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPRESENT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u3068<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aAORIST\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u308b2\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u8a9e\u5c3e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002Ringe(2017)\u3067\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u3092\u8868\u3059 <strong>Primary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong>\u3068\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u3092\u8868\u3059 <strong>Secondary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d1\u30e9\u30c0\u30a4\u30e0\u540d\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3068\u6642\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span><br>\u30fb<strong>h<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\">2<\/span>e-\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPRESENT\/AORIST\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span><br><strong>\u30fbPrimary\u8a9e\u5c3e\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u3092\u8868\u3059\uff09<br>\u30fbSecondary\u8a9e\u5c3e\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u3092\u8868\u3059\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u300a\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b+\u8a9e\u5c3e\u30671\u3064\u306e\u5b9a\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u3064\u304f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPRESENT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>+Primary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong><br>\u2192<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u672a\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8<\/span><br>\u203b\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6642\u5236\u3067\u3044\u3046\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\u3084\u73fe\u5728\u9032\u884c\u5f62\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aAORIST\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\uff0bSecondary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong><br>\u2192<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8<\/span><br>\u203b\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6642\u5236\u3067\u3044\u3046\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u8868\u73fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3063\u305f\u611f\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6642\u9593\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306e\u306f\u8a9e\u5e79\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u70b9\u304c\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u6163\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u304b\u3089\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3059\u3053\u3057\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u304c\u305f\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8a9e\u5e79\u3067\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f8\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u4eba\u306f\u3001\u3084\u3084\u7d0d\u5f97\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3002\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u8a9e\u5c3e\u304c\u30de\u30c3\u30c1\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u8a33\u3067\u3082\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u5916\u5074\u304b\u3089\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aAORIST\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u3068\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eca\u306e\u6642\u70b9\uff08\u5185\u5074\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u8996\u70b9\uff09\u3092\u542b\u3080<strong>Primary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u306f\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3078\u3093\u3082\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u306b\u3064\u304f\u8a9e\u5c3e\u306f1\u7a2e\u985e\u3067\u3001\u614b\u306e\u533a\u5225\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPresent\/AORIST\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u306b\u3064\u304f<strong>Primary\/Secondary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u53d7\u52d5\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u307e\u305f\u9055\u3046\u8a9e\u5c3e\u3067\u305d\u306e\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Primary\u8a9e\u5c3e\u306f<\/strong>\u63a5\u7d9a\u6cd5\u306b\u3001<strong>Secondary\u8a9e\u5c3e<\/strong>\u306f\u5e0c\u6c42\u6cd5\u306b\u3082\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u305f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-center d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-none js--scr-animation\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">stative &#8211; resultative &#8211; past<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b\u306e\u5909\u9077<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3001<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u306e\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u5909\u9077\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u3068\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u540d\u3068\u306f\u88cf\u8179\u306b\u3001<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span>\uff08\u9759\u7684\u306a\u72b6\u614b\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u300c\u5b8c\u4e86\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3044\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u601d\u3044\u3064\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e I&#8217;<strong>ve got<\/strong> (=I have) \u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u5f62\u306f\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u5185\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff09\u5b8c\u4e86\u3067\u3059\u304c\u7d14\u7c8b\u306b<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span>\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5f62\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6c17\u304c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f8c\u671f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3053\u306e<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span>\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u7b2c\u306b\u300c\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300aresultative\u300b<\/span>\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001I <strong>have lost<\/strong> my watch. \u306a\u3069\u3044\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306e\u3001\u300c\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u72b6\u614b\u300d\u3092\u3042\u3089\u308f\u3059\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u306b\u5165\u308b\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u306f\u3001<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300asimple past\u300b<\/span>\u300c\u5358\u7d14\u904e\u53bb\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3001<strong>\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9759\u7684\u72b6\u614b<\/strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span><br>\u2193<br><strong>\u7d50\u679c\u72b6\u614b<\/strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300aresultative\u300b<\/span><br>\u2193\uff08\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\uff09<br><strong>\u5358\u7d14\u904e\u53bb<\/strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300asimple past\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-c9df8f37-2bb9-44bd-a6e6-5258fffeecc9 d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-c9df8f37-2bb9-44bd-a6e6-5258fffeecc9 .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-c9df8f37-2bb9-44bd-a6e6-5258fffeecc9 .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-c9df8f37-2bb9-44bd-a6e6-5258fffeecc9 .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u3067\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d<\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BC8\u4e16\u7d00\u9803\u306e\u30db\u30e1\u30ed\u30b9\u306e\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306e\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u306f<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span>\u304c\u4e3b\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001BC5\u4e16\u7d00\u9803\u306e\u30a2\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30ab\u65b9\u8a00\uff08\u666e\u901a\u300c\u53e4\u5178\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3048\u3070\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7fd2\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff09\u3067\u306f\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u304c<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300aresultative\u300b<\/span>\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-703c8a26-0b98-42a2-bb79-c350f0dc995f d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-703c8a26-0b98-42a2-bb79-c350f0dc995f .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-703c8a26-0b98-42a2-bb79-c350f0dc995f .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-703c8a26-0b98-42a2-bb79-c350f0dc995f .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u3068\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3067\u306e\u767a\u5c55<\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u306e<strong>\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62<\/strong>\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3067\u306f<strong>\u5358\u7d14\u904e\u53bb\u5f62<\/strong>\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u300c\u5b8c\u4e86\u8868\u73fe\u300d(have + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\uff09\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b<strong>\u8907\u5408\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u5236<\/strong>\u3092\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u3092\u8868\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<strong>\u5b8c\u4e86\u2192\u904e\u53bb<\/strong>\u306f\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306e\u81f3\u308b\u6240\u3067\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3069\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u3084\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2\u8a9e\u3067\u3082\u300ahave\/be\uff0b\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u300b\u3092\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u904e\u53bb\u3067\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3082\u3046\u5c11\u3057\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u305f\u5f37\u5909\u5316\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u73fe\u5728\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u3092\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u304b\u3089\u6d41\u308c\u7740\u3044\u3066\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f37\u5909\u5316\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u73fe\u5728\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"b--jinr-block b--jinr-blogcard d--blogcard-hover-up d--blogcard-style2 d--blogcard-mysite t--round \"><a class=\"o--blogcard-link t--round\" href=\"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?p=1039\"><div class=\"c--blogcard-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"a--blogcard-img-src\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%83%E3%83%88-2024-05-04-195653.png?resize=320%2C180&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u82f1\u8a9e\u672c\u6765\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u3053\u3046\u3010\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3011\" \/><\/div><div class=\"a--blogcard-title d--bold\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u672c\u6765\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u3053\u3046\u3010\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3011<\/div><\/a><\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-9987c8de-5e98-493a-a339-71c35acd7855 d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-9987c8de-5e98-493a-a339-71c35acd7855 .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-9987c8de-5e98-493a-a339-71c35acd7855 .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-9987c8de-5e98-493a-a339-71c35acd7855 .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">\u300c\u72b6\u614b\u21d4\u5b8c\u4e86\u300d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b<\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c\u5b8c\u4e86\u300d\u304c\u300c\u72b6\u614b\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u304c\u305f\u3044\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u5bc4\u308a\u9053\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e can \u306f<strong>\u904e\u53bb\u73fe\u5728\u52d5\u8a5e<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\u3067\u3001\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e<strong><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span><\/strong>\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5f62\u614b\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5148\u8ff0\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u00d7<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span>\u306f\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f<strong>\u904e\u53bb\u5f62<\/strong>\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001can \u306f\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u3042\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53e4\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e cunnan\u300c\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046 know \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3042\u3089\u308f\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u300c\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u72b6\u614b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u53e4\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e cunnan, \u73fe\u4ee3\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u306e wissen \u3084\u53e4\u5178\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306e oida \u306a\u3069\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u300aPERFECT\u8a9e\u5e79\u300b<\/span>\u00d7<span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color2 d--bold\">\u300astative\u300b<\/span>\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u3001\u300c\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u304b\u3067\u300c\u77e5\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304c\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c\u72b6\u614b\u300d\u300c\u524d\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u300d\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u4e57\u308a\u5165\u308c\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-simplebox b--jinr-block-container\"><div class=\"b--jinr-block b--jinr-box d--heading-box2  \"><div class=\"a--simple-box-title d--bold\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/div><div class=\"c--simple-box-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list jinr-list\">\n<li>Salmons, Joseph (2018); <em>A History of German &#8211; What the past reveals about today&#8217;s language<\/em>, 2nd Ed. Oxford University Press<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ringe, Don (2017); <em>From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic<\/em>, 2nd Ed. Oxford University Press<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"b--jinr-block b--jinr-blogcard d--blogcard-hover-up d--blogcard-style2 d--blogcard-mysite t--round \"><a class=\"o--blogcard-link t--round\" href=\"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?page_id=804\"><div class=\"c--blogcard-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"a--blogcard-img-src\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/themes\/jinr\/lib\/img\/noimage.png?resize=128%2C72&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u30fb\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u5168\u822c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u85a6\u66f8\" \/><\/div><div class=\"a--blogcard-title d--bold\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u30fb\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u5168\u822c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u85a6\u66f8<\/div><\/a><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u82f1\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f\u3069\u3053\u304b\u3089\u6765\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9059\u304b\u5f7c\u65b9\u307e\u3067\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u9061\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3084\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u307e\u3067\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u304b\u3089\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u7956\u8a9e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1141,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jinr_url_youtube":"","_jinr_pip_youtube":false,"_jinr_time_youtube":"","_jinr_thumb_youtube":"","_jinr_media_youtube":"","_jinr_category_edit":false,"_jinr_category":"","_jinr_title_display":false,"_jinr_snsbutton_display":false,"_jinr_ads_display":false,"_jinr_thumbnail_display":false,"_jinr_profile_display":false,"_jinr_representations_display":false,"_jinr_relatedpost_display":false,"_jinr_sidebar1col_display":false,"_jinr_sidebar2col_display":false,"_jinr_seotitle_display":"","_jinr_description_display":"","_jinr_keyword_display":"","_jinr_hastag_display":"","_jinr_canonical_display":"","_jinr_noindex_display":false,"_jinr_paidpost":false,"_jinr_paidpost_product_id":"","_jinr_headtag_article":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-24","category-4"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/PIE-verbal-morphology.jpg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","views":"1473","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1031"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1149,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1031\/revisions\/1149"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}