{"id":1529,"date":"2025-08-31T13:11:46","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T04:11:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?p=1529"},"modified":"2025-08-31T13:12:07","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T04:12:07","slug":"%e5%8d%b0%e6%ac%a7%e8%aa%9e%e3%81%ae%e9%9f%b3%e9%9f%bb%e3%81%ab%e3%81%a4%e3%81%84%e3%81%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?p=1529","title":{"rendered":"\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3084\u3084\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306f\u3001\u306a\u304b\u306a\u304b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u304c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u79c1\u306a\u308a\u306b\u57fa\u672c\u304b\u3089\u9806\u3092\u8ffd\u3063\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u304c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8da3\u65e8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>200\u5e74\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306e\u6210\u679c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u306f\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f62\u614b\u3084\u7d71\u8a9e\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5206\u91ce\u306f\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u6210\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u304a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u89e3\u6c7a\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6982\u306d\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306f\u610f\u898b\u3092\u5171\u306b\u3059\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u591a\u3044\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4eca\u56de\u7d39\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u7d20\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u6b21\u56de\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u30b0\u30ea\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3078\u3068\u8a71\u3092\u9032\u3081\u3066\u3044\u3053\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u751f\u304b\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b3\u30f3\u30bb\u30d7\u30c8\u3067\u6d3b\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u8a71\u306f\u6b21\u56de\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3001\u3044\u308f\u3070\u305d\u306e\u58ee\u5927\u306a\u4f0f\u7dda\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30e0\u30ba\u30ab\u30b7\u30a4\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3063\u3066\u3001\u307e\u305f\u3044\u3064\u304b\u77e5\u308a\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u5e30\u3063\u3066\u304d\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u89e6\u308c\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u7d20\u3068\u305d\u308c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306e\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6210\u7bc0\u5b50\u97f3\u3084\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5931\u308f\u308c\u3057\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u30ed\u30de\u30f3\u3092\u611f\u3058\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u306e\u66f8\u7c4d\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u3063\u3066\u898b\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-left d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-number d--top-margin-xl-pc d--top-margin-xl-sp d--block-animation-off\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-decoration\"><div class=\"a--h2rich-number ef\" style=\"color:false\">1<\/div><\/div><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">Phonemes in IE<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u7d20<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u97f3\u300d\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u97f3\u7d20\u3068\u547c\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u305f\u3053\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/t\/  \/a\/  \/k\/  \/o\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3068\u3044\u30464\u3064\u306e\u97f3\u7d20\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u300111\u97f3\u7d20\u307b\u3069\u3057\u304b\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u8a00\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u3001140\u97f3\u7d20\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u3082\u3064\u8a00\u8a9e\u307e\u3067\u69d8\u3005\u3067\u3059\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f\u6570\u3048\u65b9\u306b\u3082\u3088\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u300145\u97f3\u7d20\u307b\u3069\u3092\u3082\u3064\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u7956\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001Mallory\/Adams(2006:54)\u306e\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u300132\u97f3\u7d20\u304c\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u308b\u97f3\u7d20\u306e\u518d\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8da3\u65e8\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u307e\u305f\u5225\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u306f\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u7d39\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u7b4b\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u7d20\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u306b\u8a71\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b21\u56de\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u30b0\u30ea\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u6700\u77ed\u3067\u3064\u306a\u3052\u3066\u3044\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u65b9\u7b56\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8a73\u3057\u3044\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u6b21\u7bc0\u3067\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5927\u307e\u304b\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p><span class=\"jinr-d--text-color d--user-color1 d--bold\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u306e\u7279\u5fb4<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list jinr-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9589\u9396\u97f3<\/strong>\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u3067\u3001<strong>\u6469\u64e6\u97f3<\/strong>\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3\u3064\u306e<strong>\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb<\/strong>\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6700\u3082\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6bcd\u97f3\u306f <strong>*e<\/strong> \u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3082\u3001<strong>*o, *a<\/strong> \u3068\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e<strong>\u9577\u97f3<\/strong>\u304c\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5171\u9cf4\u97f3\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b <strong>*m, *n, *r, *l<\/strong> \u306f\u5358\u72ec\u3067<strong>\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u5f62\u6210<\/strong>\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5171\u9cf4\u97f3\u3084 <strong>*y, *w<\/strong> \u306a\u3069\u306e\u534a\u6bcd\u97f3\u306f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 <strong>*i, *u \u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe<\/strong>\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u4f55\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3084\u3089\u3055\u3063\u3071\u308a\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u3055\u3089\u306b\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306f\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u7bc9\u7269\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u305f\u8a00\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u5f0f\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u5408\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u97f3\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u300c\u767a\u97f3\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304b\u306f\u3001\u307e\u305f\u5225\u306e\u8a71\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3044\u308f\u3070\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u3092\u5143\u7d20\u8a18\u53f7\u3084\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u306e\u307f\u3067\u8868\u8a18\u3057\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7269\u8cea\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u3069\u3093\u306a\u898b\u305f\u76ee\u3084\u8cea\u611f\u3092\u3082\u3064\u3068\u6211\u3005\u304c\u611f\u3058\u308b\u304b\u306f\u307e\u305f\u5225\u306e\u8a71\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7956\u8a9e\u3067\u4f1a\u8a71\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8a9e\u5b66\u30d5\u30a1\u30f3\u306e\u697d\u3057\u307f\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3042\u304f\u307e\u3067\u3053\u3053\u3067\u7d39\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u306e\u518d\u5efa\u7269\u3067\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30b8\u30ab\u30eb\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u3068\u306f\u9055\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u3066\u304a\u3044\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section 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srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=320%2C180&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=640%2C360&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?resize=1360%2C765&amp;ssl=1 1360w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%B3%E7%B4%A0-2.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8868\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8a71\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u7d30\u304b\u3044\u70b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3044\u3066\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u732e\u306f\u3001\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u8a33\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u3092\u8edf\u53e3\u84cb\u97f3\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4fbf\u5b9c\u4e0a\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3042\u307e\u308a\u5b9f\u614b\u3068\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f53\u7cfb\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u771f\u3063\u5148\u306b\u6307\u6458\u3059\u3079\u304d\u306f\u3001<strong>\u9589\u9396\u97f3\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7121\u58f0\u9589\u9396\u97f3(or \u7834\u88c2\u97f3)\u306f\u3001*p, *t, *k \u3068\u3044\u3046\u304a\u306a\u3058\u307f\u306e\u97f3\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3082\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u7a2e\u985e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u6469\u64e6\u97f3\u306f\u305f\u30601\u3064\u3067\u3001*s \u306e\u307f\u304c\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u306f \/f, \u03b8, h\/ \u306a\u3069\u306e\u7121\u58f0\u6469\u64e6\u97f3\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3063\u305f\u97f3\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306b\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30ea\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\uff08or \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b50\u97f3\u63a8\u79fb\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u304c\u6469\u64e6\u97f3\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u8a71\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff08\u6b21\u56de\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9589\u9396\u97f3\u306f\u3001\u8abf\u97f3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u30663\u7a2e\u985e\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8868\u306e\u7e26\u306e\u5217\u304c\u8abf\u97f3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<strong>\u4e21\u5507\u97f3<\/strong>\u3092\u4f8b\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3068\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7121\u58f0\u97f3 *p<br>\u6709\u58f0\u97f3 *b <br>\u6709\u58f0\u5e2f\u6c17\u97f3 *b<sup>h<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5e2f\u6c17\u97f3\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u547c\u6c17\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u767a\u8a9e\u3059\u308b\u9589\u9396\u97f3\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6700\u5927\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8b0e\u306e1\u3064\u304c\u3001<strong>\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb<\/strong>(laryngal)\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u53e3\u306e\u3059\u3054\u304f\u5965\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3059\u308b\u54bd\u982d\u97f3(?)\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u305f\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u306b\u306f<strong>3\u7a2e\u985e<\/strong>(or 4\u7a2e\u985e)\u3042\u308a\u3001<strong>\u307b\u307c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5a18\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u6d88\u5931\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong>3\u3064\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3092 <em>h<\/em> \u53f3\u4e0b\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u3067\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u97f3\u306f\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u97f3\u3092\u5909\u3048\u308b\u300c\u97f3\u8272\u4ed8\u3051\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306a\u3069\u3001\u8b0e\u591a\u304d\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u660e\u304b\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5171\u9cf4\u97f3\u306f\u3001<strong>*n, *m \u306e\u9f3b\u97f3<\/strong>\u3068\u3001<strong>*r, *l \u306e\u6d41\u97f3<\/strong>\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3001<strong>\u30bd\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8 sonant (or \u6210\u7bc0\u5b50\u97f3)<\/strong>\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<strong>\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3089\u3001\u5b50\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\u5b50\u97f3\u306b\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u304c\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u3089\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3082\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6975\u3081\u3066\u7279\u7570\u306a\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u30bd\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001*n \u306a\u3069\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u306e\u4e0b\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u3044<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\">\u25cb<\/span>\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u306e\u304c\u6163\u7fd2\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u304b\u3044\u70b9\u3092\u88dc\u8db3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-d7f4810a-2db5-444e-8371-62506b17b090 d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-d7f4810a-2db5-444e-8371-62506b17b090 .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-d7f4810a-2db5-444e-8371-62506b17b090 .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-d7f4810a-2db5-444e-8371-62506b17b090 .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">*b \u306e\u518d\u5efa\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044<\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u8868\u306b\u6319\u3052\u305f\u97f3\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u3001<strong>*b \u304c\u6700\u3082\u7a00\u306a\u97f3<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306b\u306f *b \u306e\u97f3\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5b50\u97f3 b \u304c\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u518d\u5efa\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8b0e\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6709\u58f0\u9589\u9396\u97f3\u306f\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306b2\u5ea6\u51fa\u3066\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f *deb- \u3084 *beg- \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3042\u308a\u3075\u308c\u305f\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u8a9e\u5f62\u3059\u3089\u518d\u5efa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001dog \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3048\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u897f\u6d0b\u306e\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u3092\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u7279\u7570\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u5927\u548c\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u3082\u6fc1\u97f3\u30922\u3064\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3082\u3064\u8a9e\u5e79\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6fc1\u97f3\u306f\u8a9e\u982d\u306b\u3082\u73fe\u308c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3042\u307e\u308a\u5909\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3082\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3082(?)\u306a\u3093\u3066\u601d\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3082\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f62\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u97f3\u7d20\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u983b\u5ea6\u306fClackson(2007 :41)\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-533941e0-8ecb-420a-b5b3-8cf14094b49c d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-533941e0-8ecb-420a-b5b3-8cf14094b49c .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-533941e0-8ecb-420a-b5b3-8cf14094b49c .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-533941e0-8ecb-420a-b5b3-8cf14094b49c .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u7406\u8ad6<\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p>\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u4e88\u60f3\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001<strong>\u30bd\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb<\/strong>(Ferdinand de Saussure, 1857-1913)\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u69cb\u9020\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306e\u790e\u3092\u7bc9\u3044\u305f\u4eba\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5143\u6765\u306f\u6b74\u53f2\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8005\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u4ea4\u66ff\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u6a21\u7d22\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30bd\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u305f\u300c\u30bd\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u300dcoefficient sonantique \u306f\u3001\u65ac\u65b0\u3055\u6545\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u306f\u3042\u307e\u308a\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u305720\u4e16\u7d00\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u30d2\u30c3\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u732e\u304c\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6f6e\u6d41\u306f\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5909\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u308b3\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3068\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p>h<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\"><sub>1<\/sub><\/span><br>\u53e3\u306e\u5965\u3067\u7a7a\u6c17\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u308b\u58f0\u9580\u9589\u9396\u97f3\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>h<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\"><sub>2<\/sub><\/span><br>\u8edf\u53e3\u84cb\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u54bd\u982d\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3059\u308b\u6469\u64e6\u97f3\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u3002\/h\/ \u3088\u308a\u3082\u53e3\u306e\u5965\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3059\u308b\u305d\u308c\u306b\u4f3c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>h<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\"><sub>3<\/sub><\/span><br>\u53e3\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6709\u58f0\u6469\u64e6\u97f3\u3002\u5186\u5507\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3002(?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003 Clackson(2007: 57)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u3088\u3063\u306619\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u89e3\u660e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u300120\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5b66\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306f\u6b21\u3005\u89e3\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u3067\u3082\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u30e9\u30ea\u30f3\u30ac\u30eb\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u5e38\u8b58\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30bd\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u4ea4\u66ff\u89e3\u660e\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u30aa\u30e2\u30b7\u30ed\u3044\u8a71\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u307e\u305f\u5225\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u6271\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-ec0cd2f4-758e-4781-ae23-79d5470bf190 d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-ec0cd2f4-758e-4781-ae23-79d5470bf190 .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-ec0cd2f4-758e-4781-ae23-79d5470bf190 .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-ec0cd2f4-758e-4781-ae23-79d5470bf190 .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">\u8edf\u53e3\u84cb\u97f3 *k&#8217; \u3068\u4e21\u5507\u8edf\u53e3\u84cb\u97f3 *k<sup>w<\/sup><\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p>\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30e0\u8a18\u53f7\uff08\u30a2\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8\u30ed\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\uff09\u304c\u3064\u3044\u305f <strong>*k&#8217;<\/strong> \u306f\u3001<strong>\u8edf\u53e3\u84cb\u97f3 *k<\/strong> \u306e\u767a\u97f3\u304c\u3001\u53e3\u306e\u524d\u65b9\u306e<strong>\u786c\u53e3\u84cb\u97f3<\/strong>\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u300c\u304b\u304d\u300d[kaki] \u3068\u8a00\u3046\u3068\u3001\u300c\u304b\u300d\u3088\u308a\u3082\u300c\u304d\u300d\u306e\u65b9\u3067\u3001[k] \u304c\u53e3\u306e\u524d\u65b9\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001<strong>\u53e3\u306e\u524d\u5074\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u786c\u53e3\u84cb\u306e\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3067\u767a\u97f3\u3059\u308b\u9589\u9396\u97f3<\/strong>\u3092 <strong>*k&#8217;<\/strong> \u3067\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3082\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u66f8\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f k \u306e\u5b57\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u300c \u032f \u300d\u3092\u3064\u3051\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8a18\u53f7\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u300c\u304d\u300d(\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u8ad6\u3067\u306f\u300c\u62d7\u97f3\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3076)\u306e\u97f3\u3092\u97f3\u58f0\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8868\u8a18\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b \/k<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\"><sup>j<\/sup><\/span>\/ \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u306a j \u3092\u6dfb\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u4f3c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3084\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8edf\u53e3\u84cb\u97f3 \/k\/ \u3068\u305d\u308c\u304c\u786c\u53e3\u84cb\u306b\u5bc4\u3063\u305f \/k&#8217;\/ \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u5225\u306e\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306f\u540c\u3058 \/k\/ \u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u97f3\u7d20\u3068\u306f\u610f\u5473\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u7a2e\u985e\u306e \/k\/ \u97f3\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3082\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u8a18\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*k<sup>w<\/sup> \u306f \/k\/ \u3092\u767a\u97f3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u5507\u306e\u4e38\u3081\uff08\u5186\u5507\uff09\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u8d77\u304d\u305f\u97f3\u3067\u3059\u3002\/k\/ \u3068 \/w\/ \u306e2\u3064\u306e\u97f3\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\/k<sup>w<\/sup>\/ \u3067\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u97f3\u7d20\u3068\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-left d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-number d--top-margin-xl-pc d--top-margin-xl-sp d--block-animation-off\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-decoration\"><div class=\"a--h2rich-number ef\" style=\"color:false\">3<\/div><\/div><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">Vowels in IE<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306f\u3001\u5b50\u97f3\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u9818\u57df\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8003\u3048\u306f\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u66f8\u304c\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u304c\u73fe\u72b6\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6839\u672c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u7d71\u4e00\u898b\u89e3\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u307e\u305a\u306f\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u3067\u6700\u3082\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u518d\u5efa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f <strong>*e<\/strong> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u6700\u3082\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u6bcd\u97f3\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u6bcd\u97f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7acb\u5834\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u6bcd\u97f3(\u8a9e\u5f62\u5909\u5316\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u8a9e\u6839\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3)\u306e\u518d\u5efa\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u6b21\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u3067\u5f31\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*e \u2192 *a \u2192 *o \u2192 *i, u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*e \u306e\u6b21\u306b\u78ba\u8a3c\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f *a \u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3082 *e \u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u7a00\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u518d\u5efa\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u66f8\u7c4d\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u308b\u3068\u3001\u518d\u5efa\u5f62\u306b&lt;a&gt;&lt;o&gt;\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u542b\u3080\u8a9e\u5e79\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001*a \u306f\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d *h<span class=\"jinr-d--font-size d--fontsize-11px\"><sub>2<\/sub><\/span>e \u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3001*o \u3082\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6bcd\u97f3\u4ea4\u66ff(or \u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8 Ablaut)\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\u306e\u5909\u5316\u304c\u7d61\u3093\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*i, *u \u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306f\u3001\u534a\u6bcd\u97f3 *y, *w \u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5b9f\u73fe\u5f62\u3068\u3059\u308bClackson(2007)\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7acb\u5834\u3068\u3001\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3060\u304c\u57fa\u5e95\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046Ringe(2017)\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7acb\u5834\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306b\u305b\u3088\u3001\u7a00\u306a\u6bcd\u97f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u78ba\u304b\u3067\u3001\u9ad8\u6bcd\u97f3 *i *u \u3092\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306b\u542b\u3081\u308b\u304b\u306f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordion b--jinr-block b--jinr-accordion block-d778a7e8-02f0-4bd8-bd9c-e9dcfde5c003 d--accordion-default d--accordion-outline\"><style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-d778a7e8-02f0-4bd8-bd9c-e9dcfde5c003 .a--accordion-title {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-d778a7e8-02f0-4bd8-bd9c-e9dcfde5c003 .b--jinr-accordion-item{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tborder-color: #dddddd!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t.block-d778a7e8-02f0-4bd8-bd9c-e9dcfde5c003 .a--accordion-toggle span{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbackground-color: #444444!important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-accordionchild\"><dl class=\"b--jinr-accordion-item\"><div class=\"a--accordion-toggle\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"a--acc-question ef\">Q<\/div><dt class=\"a--accordion-title d--bold\">\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8<\/dt><dd class=\"c--accordion-contents\">\n<p>\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8(\u72ec Ablaut \/ \u82f1 vowel gradation)\u3068\u306f\u6bcd\u97f3\u304c\u8a9e\u5f62\u5909\u5316\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u4ea4\u66ff\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u8a9e\u5f62\u5909\u5316\u306e\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u5e45\u5e83\u304f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u3084\u5f62\u614b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u3059\u308b\u3068\u7a81\u62cd\u5b50\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u6563\u898b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u3082\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8\u306e\u540d\u6b8b\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span>de-r<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>o<\/strong><\/span>de-r<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>i<\/strong><\/span>dden<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8\u3092\u73fe\u4ee3\u307e\u3067\u7d99\u627f\u3057\u305f\u5f62\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3088\u308a\u5148\u306e\u8a71\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u306b\u4f55\u3089\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u601d\u3048\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u5f62\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u4ea4\u66ff\u3092\u6839\u5e95\u3067\u652f\u3048\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8\u306e\u8003\u3048\u304c\u5370\u6b27\u7956\u8a9e\u2192\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u7956\u8a9e\u2192\u5404\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u53e4\u8a9e\u2192\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u3078\u3068\u9023\u7dbf\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u70b9\u3060\u3068\u79c1\u306f\u601d\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8\u306f\u57fa\u5e95\u6bcd\u97f3 *e \u3092\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6bcd\u97f3\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u6d88\u5931\u3059\u308b\u300c\u30bc\u30ed\u968e\u68af\u300d\u3001\u0113\u306b\u5ef6\u9577\u3059\u308b\u300c\u5ef6\u9577\u968e\u68af\u300d\u3001o\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u300co\u968e\u68af\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u30bc\u30ed\u968e\u68af<br>zero-grade<\/td><td>e\u968e\u68af\uff08\u57fa\u5e95\uff09<br>e-grade<br>full-grade<\/td><td>o\u968e\u68af<br>o-grade<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>\u0113\u5ef6\u9577\u968e\u68af<br>lengthened e-grade<\/td><td>\u014d\u5ef6\u9577\u968e\u68af<br>lengthened o-grade<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u53e4\u5178\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u8db3\u300d\u306f\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u3067 p<strong>e<\/strong>d- \u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u3092\u6301\u3061\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u8a9e\u5e79\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e e \u306f\u300ce\u968e\u68af\u300d\u306e\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306e\u659c\u683c\u8a9e\u5e79\u306f p<strong>o<\/strong>d- \u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u300co\u968e\u68af\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u53e4\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f f<strong>\u014d<\/strong>t \u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8a9e\u5e79\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306f\u300c\u014d\u5ef6\u9577\u968e\u68af\u300d\u306b\u4f9d\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-flexible-table-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e ped-<\/td><td>e\u968e\u68af<\/td><td>&gt;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">ped<\/span>al, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">ped<\/span>estrian<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e pod-<\/td><td>o\u968e\u68af<\/td><td>&gt;octo<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">pus<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u53e4\u82f1\u8a9e f\u014dt<\/td><td>\u014d\u5ef6\u9577\u968e\u68af<\/td><td>&gt;foot<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8868\u306e\u4e00\u756a\u53f3\u306e\u5217\u304c\u5404\u53e4\u5178\u8a9e\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u4ea4\u66ff\u3067\u751f\u3058\u305f\u6bcd\u97f3\u304c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53e4\u82f1\u8a9e\u306ef\u014dt(\u300c\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c8\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8aad\u3080)\u304c foot \u3068\u77ed\u3044\u6bcd\u97f3\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u5185\u3067\u306e\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u5909\u5316\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30a2\u30d7\u30e9\u30a6\u30c8\u306f\u6bcd\u97f3\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u3084\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306e &lt;p&gt;&lt;d&gt; \u304c\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c&lt;f&gt;&lt;t&gt;\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u6b21\u56de\u306e\u30b0\u30ea\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u8a73\u8ff0\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/dd><\/dl><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-left d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-icon d--top-margin-xl-pc d--top-margin-xl-sp d--block-animation-off\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-decoration\"><div class=\"a--h2rich-icon ef\" style=\"color:false\"><i class=\"jin-icons jin-ifont-v2comment\"><\/i><\/div><\/div><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\"> Semivowels ~ High Vowels<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u534a\u6bcd\u97f3\uff5e\u9ad8\u6bcd\u97f3<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u534a\u6bcd\u97f3\u2192\u9ad8\u6bcd\u97f3\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a y\u2192i, w\u2192u \u304c\u540c\u3058\u97f3\u7d20\u306e\u7570\u97f3(allophone)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3088\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p>\u300c\u6c34\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u8a9e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b5\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e <strong>udan-<\/strong><br>\u30b4\u30fc\u30c8\u8a9e <strong>wato- <\/strong><br>   (cf. \u82f1\u8a9e water)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u300c\u6c34\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5e79\u306f\u300c\u3045\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u97f3\u3067\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3068\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4fbf\u5229\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3053\u3053\u306f\u3042\u3048\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u3072\u3089\u304c\u306a\u3067\u8868\u8a18\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u6d3e\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u30b4\u30fc\u30c8\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3045\u300d\u304c &lt;w&gt; \u3067\u73fe\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u306a\u8981\u8acb\u3067\u3001\u5f8c\u308d\u306b&lt;a&gt;\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bcd\u97f3\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u3045\u300d\u306f\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u306a\u304f\u3001&lt;w&gt;\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b50\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3045\u300d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u304c\u5b50\u97f3&lt;d&gt;\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u3045\u300d\u306f\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u3001&lt;u&gt;\u3068\u8868\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001ud-~wd- \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u5e79\u306f\u540c\u3058\u97f3\u7d20\u306e\u5225\u306e\u73fe\u308c\u65b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u7570\u97f3\u300d\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u304c i~y \u306e\u4ea4\u66ff\u306b\u3082\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-left d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-icon d--top-margin-xl-pc d--top-margin-xl-sp d--block-animation-off\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-decoration\"><div class=\"a--h2rich-icon ef\" style=\"color:false\"><i class=\"jin-icons jin-ifont-v2comment\"><\/i><\/div><\/div><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">Syllable-forming<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u6210\u7bc0<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u7279\u7570\u306a\u73fe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u3084\u306f\u308a\u30bd\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30bd\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u306e *m, *n \u304c\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u5a18\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u3082\u6b8b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001*r \u304c\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u8a9e\u6d3e\u306e\u307f\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002i\u3068y, u\u3068w\u3092\u540c\u3058\u97f3\u7d20\u306e\u7570\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u8a00\u8a9e\u3082\u5a18\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u306f\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u4e00\u6b69\u9032\u3081\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5f62\u5909\u5316\u3067\u306e\u6210\u7bc0\u5b50\u97f3\u306e\u73fe\u308c\u65b9\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-background b--jinr-block b--jinr-background\"><div class=\"o--background-container d--background-design-flat d--background-shadow-s d--border-outset\"><div class=\"c--background-inner d--border-none d--border-1px t--round\" style=\"border-color:#c5c5c5\">\n<p>\u300c\u72ac\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u5e79<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>k&#8217;un-  \/ k&#8217;wn- ~ k&#8217;w\u0144-<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u203b\u0144\u306f\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b \/n\/ \u306e\u5b9f\u73fe\u5f62\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f n \u306e\u4e0b\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u25cb\u3092\u3064\u3051\u305f\u8a18\u53f7\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff08\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067 \u0144 \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u5b57\u3067\u4ee3\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5358\u6570\u4e3b\u683c k&#8217;w\u014dn<br>\u5358\u6570\u5c5e\u683c k&#8217;un-es<br>\u8907\u6570\u6240\u683c k&#8217;w\u0144-su<br>\u8907\u6570\u5177\u683c k&#8217;w\u0144-bhs<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"a--background-color\" style=\"background:#fffbf0\"><\/div><div class=\"a--background-image t--round d--background-pattern1\" style=\"opacity:0.29999999999999993;background-size:16.666666666666668%\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5358\u6570\u4e3b\u683c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u014d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u6570\u4e3b\u683c\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e\u524d\u3067 \u300c\u3045\u300d\u306f\u5b50\u97f3 w \u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u3001<strong>\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u53f3\u5074\u304b\u3089<\/strong>\u6bcd\u97f3\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5358\u6570\u5c5e\u683c\u3067\u306f\u3001-es \u3068\u6bcd\u97f3\u3067\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u8a9e\u5c3e\u304c\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53f3\u5074\u304b\u3089\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u3001-es \u306b\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b n \u306f\u3001\u6bcd\u97f3\u306b\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8a33\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5b50\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4eca\u5ea6\u306f\u3001k&#8217;wn-es \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001k&#8217;wn- \u306e\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001w \u306f u \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8907\u6570\u5177\u683c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u683c\u8a9e\u5c3e -su \u304c\u5b50\u97f3\u3067\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b n \u306f\u6bcd\u97f3 \u0144 \u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53f3\u5074\u304b\u3089\u898b\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 \u0144 \u304c\u6bcd\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u5e79\u306e\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u652f\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001w \u306f\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5b50\u97f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8907\u6570\u5177\u683c\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30bd\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u53f3\u5074\u304c\u6210\u7bc0\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5c0e\u3044\u305f\u306e\u306f Schindler \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8005\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u8907\u6570\u5177\u683c k&#8217;w\u0144-bhs \u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u30b5\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e swabhis \u3067\u306f\u3001\u0144\u2192a \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u3068\u30b5\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e\u306e\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-left d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-icon d--top-margin-xl-pc d--top-margin-xl-sp d--block-animation-off\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-decoration\"><div class=\"a--h2rich-icon ef\" style=\"color:false\"><i class=\"jin-icons jin-ifont-v2comment\"><\/i><\/div><\/div><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><span class=\"a--h2rich-subcopy ef\" style=\"color:false\">IE accent<\/span><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u97f3\u306e\u9ad8\u4f4e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d4\u30c3\u30c1\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30f4\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e\u3084\u53e4\u4ee3\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u53e4\u5178\u8a9e\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u3001\u5927\u62b5\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u97f3\u7bc0\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u767a\u97f3\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u5f31\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f62\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5909\u308f\u308b\u53ef\u52d5\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3001\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u5b9a\u3081\u308b\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u306f\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u53e4\u4ee3\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306f\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u7656\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u3088\u304f\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3001\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u3067\u300c\u30f4\u30a7\u30a2\u30ca\u30fc\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u306a\u3093\u304b\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3082\u3088\u304f\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u5f15\u304d\u5408\u3044\u306b\u3060\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-designtitle b--jinr-block b--jinr-h2rich d--h2rich-left d--h2rich-style3 d--titledesign-weight-thin d--h2rich-icon d--top-margin-xl-pc d--top-margin-xl-sp d--block-animation-off\" style=\"border-color:false\"><div class=\"c--h2rich-decoration\"><div class=\"a--h2rich-icon ef\" style=\"color:false\"><i class=\"jin-icons jin-ifont-v2comment\"><\/i><\/div><\/div><div class=\"c--h2rich-contents\"><h2 class=\"a--h2rich-maincopy d--bold ef\" style=\"color:false\">\u304a\u308f\u308a\u306b<\/h2><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8a71\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u683c\u3092\u7d30\u304b\u304f\u7a81\u304d\u8a70\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7d50\u5c40\u306f\u8907\u6570\u306e\u53e4\u5178\u8a9e\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306e\u518d\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u308b\u3057\u304b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u3059\u3063\u3068\u3070\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u307f\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u5e7e\u5206\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u8a71\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u66f8\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3059\u3053\u3057\u3067\u3082\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3068\u306a\u308c\u3070\u3068\u601d\u3063\u305f\u6b21\u7b2c\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?page_id=804\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"804\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u30fb\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u5168\u822c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u85a6\u66f8<\/a>\u300d\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u306f\u6b21\u56de\u4ee5\u964d\u300c\u30b0\u30ea\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u300c\u30f4\u30a7\u30eb\u30ca\u30fc\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u4e0a\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8a71\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a71\u306f\u6b21\u56de\u4ee5\u964d\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3089\u3063\u3066\u3082\u304b\u307e\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-jinr-blocks-simplebox b--jinr-block-container\"><div class=\"b--jinr-block b--jinr-box d--heading-box2  \"><div class=\"a--simple-box-title d--bold\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/div><div class=\"c--simple-box-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list jinr-list\">\n<li>Clackson, James, 2007,<em> Indo-European Linguisitcs &#8211; An Introduction, <\/em>Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ringe, Don, 2017,<em> From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic: 2nd Ed. A Linguistic History of English: vol. 1,<\/em> Oxford University Press<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6e05\u6c34\u8aa0, 2024\u300e\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8af8\u8a9e\u306e\u3057\u304f\u307f\u300f \u767d\u6c34\u793e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2192<a href=\"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/?page_id=804\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"804\">\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u30fb\u30b2\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u8a9e\u5168\u822c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u85a6\u66f8<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5370\u6b27\u8a9e\u306e\u97f3\u97fb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3084\u3084\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306f\u3001\u306a\u304b\u306a\u304b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u304c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u79c1\u306a\u308a\u306b\u57fa\u672c\u304b\u3089\u9806\u3092\u8ffd\u3063\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u304c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8da3\u65e8\u3067\u3059\u3002 200\u5e74\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306e\u6210\u679c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1598,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jinr_url_youtube":"","_jinr_pip_youtube":false,"_jinr_time_youtube":"","_jinr_thumb_youtube":"","_jinr_media_youtube":"","_jinr_category_edit":false,"_jinr_category":"","_jinr_title_display":false,"_jinr_snsbutton_display":false,"_jinr_ads_display":false,"_jinr_thumbnail_display":false,"_jinr_profile_display":false,"_jinr_representations_display":false,"_jinr_relatedpost_display":false,"_jinr_sidebar1col_display":false,"_jinr_sidebar2col_display":false,"_jinr_seotitle_display":"","_jinr_description_display":"","_jinr_keyword_display":"","_jinr_hastag_display":"","_jinr_canonical_display":"","_jinr_noindex_display":false,"_jinr_paidpost":false,"_jinr_paidpost_product_id":"","_jinr_headtag_article":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-24"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PIE-phonology.png?fit=2113%2C1514&ssl=1","views":"239","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1529"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1595,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1529\/revisions\/1595"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yarusena-gogaku.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}